Gain

Also known as:

Process gain, volume gain, swell

A common phenomenon in refinery where processing results in an increase in volume of product due to a change in density.  This can has two potential causes:

Change in density between inputs and outputs - if outputs have a lower density, even with the same mass of product as feedstock, volume will be higher

Input of non liquid feeds - often hydrogen gas is provided as a feedstock, which provides extra material and results in a volume gain relative to the liquid feedstock